The Deep Structure Feature of the Sichuan Basin and Adjacent Orogens   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

XIONG Xiaosong  GAO Rui  GUO Lianghui  WANG Haiyan  JIANG Zhuwei 《《地质学报》英文版》2015,89(4):1153-1164

The basin-mountain system in the Sichuan Basin(SCB) reflects the main tectonic activity and the orogenic denudation in this region. The seismic probing work reveals the deep structure of the basin-mountain system. The seismic work was re-sampled to the Moho depth and the sedimentary thickness as well as the P-wave velocity-depth function to analyze the deep structure of the SCB and adjacent orogens. The results show two deposit centers in the SCB: the Deyang area in the west and the Nanchuan area in the east and depression uplift exists in the southwestern part of the SCB; the Moho shallowers gradually from the west to east(ca. 62-36 km deep),the South-North seismic belt(SNSB) is very distinctive: the Moho depth is much shallower( 50 km)to the east of the SNSB, whereas it is much deeper(50 km)to the west of the SNSB, suggesting that the SNSB rather than the Longmen Shan tectonic belt is a main Moho transition belt; the topography and the top interface of the basement have the same undulation trend when the sedimentary thickness and the Moho depth have a mirror relationship; the low velocity zone developed in the Kangdian thrust and fold belt and Songpan-Garzê belt implied a soft, weak and thick crust there showing tectonic activity in these areas.  相似文献   

粗颗粒土层组合中的超深基坑复合土钉墙支护的合理性分析及探讨     

刘伍  赵云峰  郑小体  李向虎  李海明 《城市地质》2015,(Z2)

对粗颗粒土层组合的超深基坑,采用了复合土钉墙支护结构形式进行设计,并对该深基坑的开挖及支护过程进行了系统监测。主要监测项目有土钉钢筋受力、锚索轴力及坡顶水平位移,通过对监测结果进行系统分析,并与传统的受力模型进行对比,分析本基坑在此方面的普遍性与特殊性,找出成功点与失败点,为今后类似工程提供借鉴。  相似文献   

Multi‐scale analysis of a migrating submarine channel system in a tectonically‐confined basin: The Miocene Gorgoglione Flysch Formation,southern Italy     

Claudio I. Casciano  Marco Patacci  Sergio G. Longhitano  Marcello Tropeano  William D. McCaffrey  Claudio Di Celma 《Sedimentology》2019,66(1):205-240

The Miocene Gorgoglione Flysch Formation records the stratigraphic product of protracted sediment transfer and deposition through a long‐lived submarine channel system developed in a narrow and elongate thrust‐top basin of the Southern Apennines (Italy). Channel‐fill deposits are exposed in an outcrop belt approximately 500 m thick and 15 km long, oriented oblique to the palaeoflow, which was roughly south‐eastward. These exceptional exposures of channel‐fill strata allow the stacking architectures and the evolution of the channel system to be analyzed at multiple scales, enabling the effects of syn‐sedimentary thrust tectonics and basin confinement on the depositional system development to be deciphered. Two end‐member types of elementary channel architecture have been identified: high‐aspect‐ratio, weakly‐confined channels, and low‐aspect‐ratio, incisional channels. Their systematic stacking results in a complex pattern of seismic‐scale depositional architectures that determines the stratigraphic framework of the deep‐water system. From the base of the succession, two prominent channel complex sets have been recognized, namely CS1 and CS2, consisting of amalgamated incisional channel elements and weakly‐confined channel elements. These channelized units are overlain by isolated incisional channels, erosional into mud‐prone slope deposits. The juxtaposition of different channel architectures is interpreted to have been governed by regional thrust‐tectonics, in combination with a high subsidence rate that promoted significant aggradation. In this scenario, the alternating ‘in sequence’ and ‘out of sequence’ tectonic pulses of the basin‐bounding thrusts controlled the activation of coarse‐clastic inputs in the basin and the resulting stacking architectures of channelized units. The tectonically‐driven confinement of the depositional system limited the lateral offset in channel stacking, preventing large‐scale avulsions. This study represents an excellent opportunity to analyze the stratigraphic evolution of a submarine channel system in tectonically‐active settings from an outcrop perspective. It should find wide applicability in analogous depositional systems, whose stratigraphic architecture has been influenced by tectonically‐controlled lateral confinement and associated lateral tilting.  相似文献   

坡顶荷载作用下岩质边坡弯曲倾倒破坏分析     

张海娜  陈从新  郑允  孙朝燚  张亚鹏  刘秀敏 《岩土力学》2019,40(8):2938-2946

车辆、坡顶堆载等造成的坡顶荷载是影响边坡稳定性的一个重要因素。首先,基于叠合悬臂梁模型和极限平衡理论,建立了坡顶荷载作用下岩质反倾边坡的力学分析模型,推导了坡顶荷载作用下边坡的剩余倾倒力和剩余滑移力计算公式,给出了岩层破坏模式判别条件,并通过大型数学分析软件Matlab将分析方法程序化;然后,通过与离散元模拟结果进行对比分析,验证了所提分析模型的准确性;最后,基于所提分析方法,进行了不同参数的敏感性分析。研究结果表明,坡顶荷载对岩层剩余力的影响较大,但对岩层破坏模式的影响不大;对边坡稳定性较为敏感的切坡角度为50°和岩层倾角为58°,当小于该值时,边坡稳定性将显著提高;层间黏聚力对自重边坡稳定性影响较大;数值模拟与理论分析得到的安全系数较为一致,验证了考虑坡顶荷载作用下弯曲倾倒破坏分析理论解的正确性,可为类似工程稳定性分析提供参考。  相似文献   

Behaviour of piles in consolidating soil     

Yue Choong Kog 《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2019,14(1):1-11

The development of negative skin friction on circular piles in a consolidating layered soil is investigated by an elasto-plastic load transfer theory which accounts for slippage of the soil. The elastic load transfer theory is premised on the compatibility condition that the vertical displacement of the ‘pile’ is equal to the summation of the vertical displacement of the layered soil due to the consolidation of the upper soil layer and the vertical displacement in the ‘soil layers’ along the pile’s centroidal axis caused by a system of pile-soil interactive forces. Slippage of the soil is accounted for by imposing the shear strength of the clay layer as the limit of the pile-soil interface shear stress. The saturated upper clay is consolidating under a uniform surcharge in accordance with Terzaghi’s one-dimensional consolidation theory. The validity of the proposed solution is confirmed by comparison with field measurements. Extensive parametric studies with regard to the effect of pile-soil slip on pile behaviour are presented.  相似文献   

Fatigue life assessment of top tensioned risers under vortex-induced vibrations     

Xiaomin Li  Haiyan Guo  Fanshun Meng 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2010,9(1):43-47

The fatigue life of top tensioned risers under vortex-induced vibrations (VIVs) with consideration of the effect of internal flowing fluid on the riser is analyzed in the time domain. The long-term stress histories of the riser under VIVs are calculated and the mean stresses, the number of stress cycles and amplitudes are determined by the rainflow counting method. The Palmgren-Miner rule for cumulative damage theory with a specified S-N curve is used to estimate the fatigue life of the riser. The corresponding numerical programs numerical simulation of vortex-induced vibrations (NSVIV) which can be used to calculate the VIV response and fatigue life of the riser are compiled. Finally the influences of the riser’s parameters such as flexural rigidity, top tension and internal flow velocity on the fatigue life of the riser are analyzed in detail and some conclusions are drawn.  相似文献   

近百年来长江河口航道拦门沙的形态演变特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

和玉芳  程和琴  陈吉余 《地理学报》2011,66(3):305-312

长江河口航道拦门沙对长江航运、泄洪以及上海港的建设具有重大的影响。通过近百年来历史资料和最新图件中北支、北港、北槽和南槽拦门沙河段的主泓剖面与平面图,分析近百年来4 个入海航槽拦门沙的形态演变特征。经分析发现：近100 年来,北支拦门沙由口外向口内逐渐移动并演变为口内巨型沙坎;北港拦门沙滩顶向下游移动了近30 km,2001 年后北港拦门沙河段开始有心滩发育;北槽拦门沙有两个明显的滩顶,但至2010 年这一显著特征消失;南槽拦门沙滩顶呈双峰型-多峰型-单峰型变化趋势,且滩顶向下游移动了约14 km。显然,除了北支拦门沙演变与崇明岛大规模围垦、北槽拦门沙演变与深水航道直接相关外,北港、南槽拦门沙演变特征主要与长江深水航道整治工程、横沙东滩圈围以及青草沙水库等大型工程影响有关。  相似文献   

孤岛顶煤综放采场冲击矿压形成机制及控制技术     

汪华君  姜福兴  温良霞  赵明洲 《岩土力学》2013,34(9):2615-2621

应用覆岩空间结构学术观点对孤岛顶煤综放采场冲击矿压机制及其控制技术进行研究。根据覆岩关键层的岩性、层位、范围等因素,覆岩关键层空间结构分为覆岩空间大结构和基本顶有限矿压结构。孤岛顶煤采场冲击矿压发生机制：①孤岛顶煤综放采场 ? 型空间大结构形成过程是集中压力逐渐增加的过程,是该时间段发生冲击矿压的力源;②采场基本顶形成最下位 ? 型空间结构后,随着工作面推进,基本顶块体产生滑落失稳,造成工作面冲击矿压现象。通过对分段来压理论、基本顶结构失稳理论和坚硬顶板预断裂理论对覆岩关键层空间结构运动的控制作用研究,提出采用覆岩空间结构理论分析、分阶段降低放煤率、坚硬覆岩预爆泄压技术、覆岩坚硬岩层破裂的微地震监测技术等方式方法预防冲击矿压的发生。  相似文献   

深部厚顶煤巷道围岩变形破坏机制模型试验研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李为腾  李术才  王琦  阮国强  左金忠 《岩土力学》2013,34(10):2847-2856

为研究深部厚顶煤巷道围岩变形破坏特性及其机制,以赵楼煤矿千米深井厚顶煤巷道为工程背景,开展了大比尺地质力学模型试验,对让压型锚索箱梁支护系统作用下的巷道围岩位移、应力演化规律进行的研究表明：巷道顶底板围岩竖向应力释放较两帮剧烈,水平应力释放反之,巷道顶板中部围岩是顶板竖向应力释放的主要部位。通过与现场试验结果对比验证,总结出深部厚顶煤巷道围岩变形破坏的3个主要特征：顶板变形破坏较两帮和底板严重、顶板围岩变形破坏主要发生在煤岩交界面以下的煤体中、巷中是顶板变形破坏的关键部位,并进一步分析了相应机制：顶板煤岩松软破碎、自承能力差、顶板及其巷中竖向应力释放相对更为剧烈、矩形巷道顶板受力状态差等因素,导致顶煤所受径向应力低,碎胀变形剧烈,且弯曲变形、离层严重,顶板受力结构恶化,最终导致顶板控制困难。  相似文献   

急斜特厚煤层开采地表沉陷特征立体实验研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

邵小平  石平五  赵国梁  王贵荣 《岩土力学》2007,28(8):1577-1580

借助急斜煤层大型立体模拟试验架,对急斜煤层水平分段放顶煤开采地表变形破坏特征进行了开采的立体模拟试验研究。研究发现,急斜煤层开采后形成的沉陷不同于缓斜煤层,其沉陷最初由在地表生成的孔洞发展为孔洞间的贯通,形成塌陷坑。塌陷坑靠顶板侧岩体的垮落程度明显大于靠底板侧岩体的垮落程度,而且沉陷随着分段工作面的向下延伸表现为反复多次沉陷,塌陷坑内垮落体表现为由底板侧朝顶板侧的台阶式下降分布,最终形成深槽型塌陷坑。  相似文献